Section Editor
Juanita Conkin Dale, PhD, RN, CPNP-PC
Children's Medical Center
Dallas, Texas
Matsumura and Ananthaswamy, 2004
,
Moyal and Fourtanier, 2008
,
Wang et al., 2005
). Sun protection is critical for the pediatric age group, because studies have shown
that the amount of sun exposure during this period is related to subsequent risk of
melanoma and other skin cancers (
Kennedy et al., 2003
). This finding is significant because the number of children who experience sunburns
is staggering. One study demonstrated that 83% of children become sunburned during
the summer, and approximately 36% of adolescents have repeated sunburns during the
summer (
Geller et al., 2002
). Subsequent statistics regarding ultraviolet (UV)-related skin cancer are even more
troubling. Within the United States, more than 1.3 million new cases of squamous cell
and basal cell cancer occur every year, and more than 90% of these cases are caused
by overexposure to UV radiation (
American Cancer Society, 2009
,
Jemal et al., 2009
). In 2009, the American Cancer Society reported that skin cancer was the most common
form of cancer in the United States and that the incidence of new cases of skin cancer
per year is greater than the combined incidence of breast, prostate, lung, and colon
cancer. This morbidity has resulted in substantial health care costs, as statistics
from 2004 have shown that direct costs for treating non-melanomatous skin cancer were
estimated to be greater than $1 billion, and greater than $2 billion when indirect
costs were included (
Bickers et al., 2006
).- Bickers D.R.
- Lim H.W.
- Margolis D.
- Weinstock M.A.
- Goodman C.
- Faulkner E.
- Gemmen E.
- et al.
The burden of skin diseases: 2004. A joint project of the American Academy of Dermatology
Association and the Society for Investigative Dermatology.
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 2006; 55: 490-500
Key Words
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to Journal of Pediatric Health CareAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
American Academy of Dermatology. (2009). Facts about sunscreens. Retrieved from http://www.aad.org/media/background/factsheets/fact_sunscreen.htm
- Cancer facts & figures 2009.American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA2009
- Consumer Reports. 2009; 74: 8-9
- The burden of skin diseases: 2004. A joint project of the American Academy of Dermatology Association and the Society for Investigative Dermatology.Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 2006; 55: 490-500
- Comparison of UVA protection afforded by high sun protection factor sunscreens.Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 2000; 43: 1036-1038
- Use of sunscreen, sunburning rates, and tanning bed use among more than 10 000 US children and adolescents.Pediatrics. 2002; 109: 1009-1014
- Cancer statistics, 2009.CA Cancer Journal for Clinicians. 2009; 59: 225-249
- The influence of painful sunburns and lifetime sun exposure on the risk of actinic keratoses, seborrheic warts, melanocytic nevi, atypical nevi, and skin cancer.Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 2003; 120: 1087-1093
- Toxic effects of ultraviolet radiation on the skin.Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. 2004; 195: 298-308
- Broad-spectrum sunscreens provide better protection from solar ultraviolet-simulated radiation and natural sunlight-induced immunosuppression in human beings.Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 2008; 58: S149-S154
- Trends in sun exposure knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors: 1986 to 1996.Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1997; 37: 179-186
Sunscreen Drug Products for Over-the-Counter Human Use, 72 Fed. Reg. 21 (C.F.R pts. 347 and 352) (proposed rules Aug. 27, 2007), 49070–49122.
- In vitro sensitivity to ultraviolet B light and skin cancer risk: A case-control analysis.Journal of the National Cancer Institute. 2005; 97: 1822-1831
Biography
John C. Koshy, Research Fellow, Division of Plastic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
Biography
Safa E. Sharabi, Research Fellow, Division of Plastic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
Biography
David Jerkins, Medical Student, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, TX.
Biography
Joshua Cox, Medical Student, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
Biography
Sarah P. Cronin, BS.
Biography
Larry H. Hollier Jr., Professor and Residency Program Director, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
Article info
Publication history
Published online: March 15, 2010
Footnotes
Conflicts of interest: None to report.
Identification
Copyright
© 2010 National Association of Pediatric Nurse Practitioners. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
