Journal of Pediatric Health Care
Volume 22, Issue 3 , Pages 199-204 , May 2008

Management of Constipation and Encopresis in Children

  • Diane F. Montgomery, PhD, RN, CPNP

      Affiliations

    • Diane F. Montgomery is Associate Professor, Texas Woman's University, Nelda C. Stark College of Nursing, Houston, Tex.
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorrespondence: Diane F. Montgomery, PhD, RN, CPNP, Texas Woman's University, Nelda C. Stark College of Nursing, 6700 Fannin St, Houston, TX 77030
    • ,
  • Fernando Navarro, MD

      Affiliations

    • Fernando Navarro is Assistant Professor, University of Texas Health Science Center Medical School, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Houston, Tex.

References 

  1. Benninga MA, Voskuijl WP, Taminiau JA. Childhood constipation: Is there new light in the tunnel?. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition. 2004;39:448–464
  2. Blesser C, Brunton S, Carmichael B, Olden K, Rasch RR, Steege J. Management of chronic constipation: recommendations from a consensus panel. Journal of Family Practice. 2005;54:691
  3. Blum NJ, Tauman B, Nemeth N. During toilet training, constipation occurs before tool toileting refusal. Pediatrics. 2004;113:520–522
  4. Borowitz SM, Cox DJ, Kovatxhev B, Ritterband LM, Sheen J, Sutphen J. Treatment of childhood constipation by primary care physicians: Efficacy and predictors of outcome. Pediatrics. 2005;115:873–877
  5. Dale A. Managing constipation and soiling. Practitioner. 2005;249:490;493-494, 496
  6. De Lorijn F. Diagnostic tests in Hirschsprung's disease: A systematic review. Journal of Pediatric Surgery. 2006;42:496–505
  7. Di Lorenzo C. Childhood constipation: Finally some hard data about hard stools!. Journal of Pediatrics. 2000;136:4–7
  8. Fishman L, Rappaport L, Schonwald A, Nurko S. Trends in referral to a single encopresis clinic over 20 years. Pediatrics. 2003;111:e604–e607
  9. Lembo A, Camilleri M. Chronic constipation. New England Journal of Medicine. 2003;349:1360–1368
  10. Marin BC, Barghout V. National estimates of office and emergency room constipation related visits in the United States (abstract). American Journal of Gastroenterology. 2004;99(suppl):S244
  11. Mason D, Tobias N, Lutkehoff M, Stoops M, Ferguson D. The APN's guide to pediatric constipation management. The Nurse Practitioner. 2004;29:13–21
  12. Taketomo DK, Hodding JH, Kraus DM. Pediatric dosage handbook. (14th ed.). Hudson: Lexi-Comp Inc; 2007;
  13. Van der Wal MF, Benninga MA, Hising RA. The prevalence of encopresis in a multicultural population. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition. 2005;40:345–348
  14. Van Orden H. Constipation: An overview of treatment. Journal of Pediatric Health Care. 2004;18:320–322
  15. Youssef NN, Di Lorenzo C. Childhood constipation: Evaluation and treatment. Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology. 2001;33:199–205

PII: S0891-5245(08)00057-6

doi: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2008.02.009

Journal of Pediatric Health Care
Volume 22, Issue 3 , Pages 199-204 , May 2008

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