Journal of Pediatric Health Care
Volume 19, Issue 1 , Pages 42-47 , January 2005

EMLA for painful procedures in infants

  • Karen L. Weise, PharmD

      Affiliations

    • Karen L. Weise currently is a Pharmacy Practice Resident at the University of California, San Francisco. At the time of writing, Weise was a PharmD student at the College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University and Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.
    • ,
  • Milap C. Nahata, PharmD

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests: Dr. Milap C. Nahata, Division of Pharmacy Practice and Administration, College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210-1214
    • Milap C. Nahata is Professor and Chair, Division of Pharmacy Practice and Administration, College of Pharmacy, and Professor of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Public Health, Ohio State University and Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.

References 

    References
  1. Acharya AB, Bustani PC, Phillips JD, Taub NA, Beattie RM. Randomised controlled trial of eutectic mixture of local anaesthetics cream for venepuncture in healthy preterm infants. Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition. 1998;78:F138–F142
  2. Brisman M, Ljung BML, Otterbom I, Larsson LE, Andreasson SE. Methaemoglobin formation after the use of EMLA cream in term neonates. Acta Paediatrics. 1998;87:1191–1194
  3. Benini F, Johnston CC, Faucher D, Aranda JV. Topical anesthesia during circumcision in newborn infants. Journal of the American Medical Association. 1993;270:850–853
  4. Essink-Tebbes CM, Wuis EW, Liem KD, Dongen RTM, Hekster YA. Safety of lidocaine-prilocaine cream application four times a day in premature neonates: a pilot study. European Journal of Pediatrics. 1999;158:421–423
  5. Frey B, Kehrer B. Toxic methaemoglobin concentrations in premature infants after application of a prilocaine-containing cream and peridural prilocaine. European Journal of Pediatrics. 1999;158:785–788
  6. Gradin M, Eriksson M, Holmqvist G, Holstein A, Schollin J. Pain reduction at venipuncture in newborns: Oral glucose compared with local anesthetic cream. Pediatrics. 2002;110:1053–1063
  7. Halimaa S-L. Pain management in nursing procedures on premature babies. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2003;42:587–597
  8. Kaur G, Gupta P, Kumar A. A randomized trial of eutectic mixture of local anesthetics during lumbar puncture in newborns. Archives of Pediatric Adolescent Medicine. 2003;157:1065–1070
  9. Lander J, Brady-Fryer B, Metcalfe JB, Nazaralli S, Muttitt S. Comparision of ring block, dorsal penile nerve block, and topical anesthesia for neonatal circumcision. Journal of the American Medical Association. 1997;278:2157–2162
  10. Larsson BA. Pain management in neonates. Acta Paediatrics. 1999;88:1301–1310
  11. Larsson BA, Jylli L, Lagercrantz H, Olsson GL. Does a local anaesthetic cream (EMLA) alleviate pain from heel lancing in neonates?. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. 1995;39:1028–1031
  12. Law R, Halpern S, Martinsn RF, Reich H, Innanen V, Ohlsson A. Measurement of methemoglobin after EMLA analgesia for newborn circumcision. Biology of the Neonate. 1996;70:213–217
  13. Lindh V, Wiklund U, Blomquist HK, Hakansson S. EMLA cream and oral glucose for immunization pain in 3-month-old infants. Pain. 2003;104:381–388
  14. Lindh V, Wiklund U, Hakansson S. Assessment of the effect of EMLA during venipuncture in the newborn by analysis of heart rate variability. Pain. 2000;86:247–254
  15. Mcintosh N, van Veen L, Brameyer H. Alleviation of the pain of heel prick in preterm infants. Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition. 1994;70:F177–F181
  16. Package Insert. EMLA Cream and Anasthetic Disk. AstraZeneca, 2003.
  17. Stevens B. Management of painful procedures in the newborn. Current Opinion in Pediatrics. 1996;8:102–107
  18. Stevens B, Johnston C, Taddio A, Jack A, Narciso J, Stremler R, et al.  Management of pain from heel lance with lidocaine-prilocaine (EMLA) cream: Is it safe and efficacious in preterm infants?. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics. 1999;20:216–221
  19. Taddio A, Stevens B, Craig K, Rastogi P, Ben-David S, Shennan A, et al.  Efficacy and safety of lidocaine-prilocaine cream for pain during circumcision. New England Journal of Medicine. 1997;336:1197–1201
  20. Uhari M. (1993). A eutectic mixture of lidocaine and prilocaine for alleviating vaccination pain in infants. Pediatrics. 1993;92:917–921

☆ Section EditorRosalie Sagraves, PharmD, FAPhA, FCCPProfessor and Dean, College of PharmacyThe University of Illinois at ChicagoChicago, Illinois

PII: S0891-5245(04)00272-X

doi: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2004.09.002

Journal of Pediatric Health Care
Volume 19, Issue 1 , Pages 42-47 , January 2005

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